Experts use number of tools to determine recidivism risk in individual such as Actuarial risk assessment instruments (ARAIs) and Structured Professional Judgements (SPJ).
Some factors like criminal lifestyle, Substance Abuse, peer pressure also play important role in recidivism.
A systematic review and meta-analysis conducted by ( Denis Yukhnenko, MSc, DPhil student, Nigel Blackwood, MD, Clinical Senior Lecturer, and Seena Fazel, MD, Professor of Forensic Psychiatry) identified 15 studies from 5 countries, which reported data on 14 independent samples and 246,608 individuals.
They found out that that several dynamic (modifiable) risk factors were associated with criminal recidivism in community sentenced populations, including mental health needs (OR=1.4, 95% CI: 1.2-1.6), substance misuse (OR=2.3, 95% CI: 1.1-4.9), association with antisocial peers (OR=2.2, 95% CI: 1.3-3.7), employment problems (OR=1.8, 95% CI: 1.3-2.5), marital status (OR=1.6, 95%: 1.4-1.8) and low income (OR=2.0, 95% CI: 1.1-3.4).
The strength of these associations was comparable to that of static (non-modifiable) risk factors, such as age, gender and criminal history.
Experts use number of tools to determine recidivism risk in individual such as Actuarial risk assessment instruments (ARAIs) and Structured Professional Judgements (SPJ).
Some factors like criminal lifestyle, Substance Abuse, peer pressure also play important role in recidivism.
A systematic review and meta-analysis conducted by ( Denis Yukhnenko, MSc, DPhil student, Nigel Blackwood, MD, Clinical Senior Lecturer, and Seena Fazel, MD, Professor of Forensic Psychiatry) identified 15 studies from 5 countries, which reported data on 14 independent samples and 246,608 individuals.
They found out that that several dynamic (modifiable) risk factors were associated with criminal recidivism in community sentenced populations, including mental health needs (OR=1.4, 95% CI: 1.2-1.6), substance misuse (OR=2.3, 95% CI: 1.1-4.9), association with antisocial peers (OR=2.2, 95% CI: 1.3-3.7), employment problems (OR=1.8, 95% CI: 1.3-2.5), marital status (OR=1.6, 95%: 1.4-1.8) and low income (OR=2.0, 95% CI: 1.1-3.4).
The strength of these associations was comparable to that of static (non-modifiable) risk factors, such as age, gender and criminal history.
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7183820/